You plan to move to the Philippines? Wollen Sie auf den Philippinen leben?

There are REALLY TONS of websites telling us how, why, maybe why not and when you'll be able to move to the Philippines. I only love to tell and explain some things "between the lines". Enjoy reading, be informed, have fun and be entertained too!

Ja, es gibt tonnenweise Webseiten, die Ihnen sagen wie, warum, vielleicht warum nicht und wann Sie am besten auf die Philippinen auswandern könnten. Ich möchte Ihnen in Zukunft "zwischen den Zeilen" einige zusätzlichen Dinge berichten und erzählen. Viel Spass beim Lesen und Gute Unterhaltung!


Visitors of germanexpatinthephilippines/Besucher dieser Webseite.Ich liebe meine Flaggensammlung!

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Tuesday, February 18, 2020

Before, behind, between, above, below love

My column in Mindanao Daily, BusinessWeek Mindanao and Cagayan de Oro Times

OUR whole life consists of innumerable fabulous and non-existing parts. We all carry myths into our life and bring our share of unrealistic expectations taught and shaped by education, media, church, and culture and our friends or parents. And? We all experienced it in different situations: suddenly these dreams give way to unhappy nights and terrible realistic mornings. Marriage life, i.e., loses it glow and ardor. Which sets in? Sure: foil, frustration, disillusionment, misanthropy, and many times cynicism become main parts of life.

Spouses  start thinking they may have made a big mistake and married the wrong partner. Some become fidgety and uncertain and - look for another, maybe "very special one", who might fulfill their faded hopes and uncertain dreams. Others rather than risk the temptation to look outside of he relationship for "fulfillment" , moving forward gradually deaden their hearts and deny the desire of something more. Bearing with patience becomes the goal of life. The dream of enjoyment fades into a faint glimmer of the past.

"Finally I got someone at my side who will meet my needs!". How many times we have these outspoken thoughts in mind? Sorry to say, many Filipinas got these thoughts after having met a foreigner... . This myth comes out of a self-centered preoccupation with a terrible egoistic touch.

But listen, didn't we forget, that marriage and every kind of dual partnership should be viewed as a "we-relation' and not as a "me-relation"? This myth explodes with the realization that a health partnership needs two understanding people, who are committed to be there for each other. There should NOT be two individuals seeking for self-fulfillment!

This and that... . It's not easy to write a weekly column in a daily, while many people and important events pass my path. The "Common Myths About Marriage" has to be continued, although they are are heavenly belong to my daily life thoughts.

Romantic feelings rely on a complicated concoction of chemicals and psychology. But as part of our series on Life’s Big Questions with The Conversation, we ask, can they wear off?

Author Parashkev Nachev wrote this on Valentines' Day 2020:  I have recently fallen head over heels in love, but my cynical friends keep telling me that love is nothing but a cocktail of pheromones, dopamine and oxytocin, and that these wear off after a couple of years. The thought scares me, it makes the whole thing seem meaningless. Is love really just brain chemistry? 

Before, behind, between, above, below love! It is no accident that arguably the most erotic line of English poetry is all prepositions. The essence of love, at least of passionately romantic love, is revealed in its very grammar. We “fall” in love, not “wander” into it. And, as you say, we fall “head over heels”, not dragging our feet – often at “first sight” rather than on careful inspection. We fall in love “madly, blind” to the other's vices, not in rational appraisal of their virtues.

Romantic love is overwhelming, irresistible, ballistic. It is in control of us more than we are ever in control of it. In one sense a mystery, it is in another pure simplicity – its course, once engaged, predictable and inevitable, and its cultural expression more or less uniform across time and space. The impulse to think of it in terms of simple causes precedes science. Consider the arrow of Cupid, the potion of a sorcerer – love seems elemental.

Yet love is not easily conquered by science. Let us look at why. Sex pheromones, chemicals designed to broadcast reproductive availability to others, are often quoted as key instruments of attraction. It is an appealing idea. But while pheromones play an important role in insect communication, there is very little evidence that they even exist in humans.

Of course, even if we could identify such a substance, any message – chemical or otherwise – needs a recipient. So where is the letterbox of love in the brain? And how is the identity of the “chosen one” conveyed, given that no single molecule could possibly encode it?

When romantic love is examined with imaging of the brain, the areas that “light up” overlap with those supporting reward-seeking and goal-oriented behavior. But that parts of our brains are set ablaze by one thing does not tell us much if they are just as excited by a very different, other thing. And the observed patterns of romantic love are not that different from those of maternal bonding, or even from the love of one's favorite football team. So we can only conclude that neuroscience is yet to explain this "head over heels" emotion in neural terms.

Do we simply need more experiments? Yes, is usually the scientist's answer, but this assumes love is simple enough to be captured by a mechanistic description. Each reproductive decision can be neither simple nor uniform, for we cannot be allowed to be guided by any single characteristic, let alone the same one. Universally attractive though tallness might be, if biology allowed us to select on height alone we would all have gigantism by now. And if the decisions have to be complex, so must the neural apparatus that makes them possible.

While this explains why romantic attraction must be complex, it doesn't explain why it can feel so instinctual and spontaneous – unlike the deliberative mode we reserve for our most important decisions. Wouldn't a cool, detached rationality be better? To see why it would not, consider what explicit reasoning is there in the first place. Evolving later than our instincts, we need rationality only to detach ourselves from the grounds for a decision so that others can record, understand and apply it independently of us.

But there is no need for anyone else to understand the grounds for our love, indeed the last thing we want to do is provide others with a recipe to steal our object of desire. Equally, in ceding control to recorded cultural practice, evolution would place too much "trust" in a capacity – collective rationality – that is, in evolutionary terms, far too young.

It is also a mistake to think of instinct as simple, and inferior to careful deliberation. That it is tacit makes it potentially more sophisticated than rational analysis, for it brings into play a wider array of factors than we could ever hold simultaneously in our conscious minds. The truth of this stares us in the face: think how much better we are at recognizing a face compared with describing it. Why should the recognition of love be any different?

Ultimately, if the neural mechanisms of love were simple, you should be able to induce it with an injection, to extinguish it with a scalpel while leaving everything else intact. The cold, hard logic of evolutionary biology makes this impossible. Were love not complicated, we would never have evolved in the first place.

That said, love – like all our thoughts, emotions and behaviors – rests on physical processes in the brain, a very complex interplay of them. But to say that love is "just" brain chemistry is like saying Romeo and Juliet is “just” words – it misses the point. Like art, love is more than the sum of its parts.

If the honeymoon is over, and the dark clouds if our daily life erase the pink-tinted illusions, must one faces such as: Where is the scratch on the side of my car? Why must we discuss topics like money, sex, in-laws, friends and such things...?

Monday, February 17, 2020

Wearing masks

My column in Mindanao Daiy News, BusinessWeek Mindanao and Cagayan de Oro Times

THE present Virus illness keeps each one of us in a  panic mood. Very understandable while following innumerable news at the moment 24/7. But nowadays, wearing masks has another reason ... .
Before Ash Wednesday, one can experience in my home country Germany people wearing masks of faces like animals, horrible human faces or the devil. Why all these masquerades?
Actors and actresses on stage or in movies wear also masks. They pretend to be what they are not. They play a role. Hence, in Greek they are called "hypocrites".
In our life, we always wear masks. Please think about.  You  and me will understand, that we do not want to show to people our real  selves because of the fear of rejection or displeasure of other people.
In society, they call it public relation. Men and women would go out smiling and greeting politely other people with a set of purpose: to win them to their business or organization.
But the more important point is: should we always wear masks in our daily life? Can we not put these masks aside and be our true selves? Should we be always afraid to show to people in our surroundings what we are before God, who sees everything? Maybe we could look back on what William Congreve (1670-1729) wrote in his "Preface to Dryden": 'No mask like open truth to cover lies as to go naked is the best disguise'.
But let's remember, even Jesus Christ, the Son of God, wore the mask of being human. "And the Word was made flesh and dwelt among us!" Later, people thought he was a lawbreaker, an impostor, claiming to be God, a seducer of the people. "I have hidden my face from them and they did not recognize me!"
Let's try to put our masks aside from time to time, especially, if we are together people we can trust. On the other side, today's global illnesses shows us different ways of how to move on.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

Love is in the Air!

Love is in the Air! Officials and employees of the Provincial Capitol of Davao de Oro celebrate the Valentine’s Day spearheaded by Governor Jayvee Tyron L. Uy and Vice-Governor Maria Carmen Zamora held at the provincial capitol.

In line with the Memorandum Order No. 0088.2020 and to add color and fun, the employees were encouraged to wear dress code in accordance to their relationship status.

For more colorful celebration, they gave long-stemmed roses available for free on a first-come-first-served basis at the Love Booth located at the lobby. Valentine’s Requested Songs and Dedication Cards were also available in the said event.

The special celebration is not just associated with romantic love. But is also a time to reconcile, appreciate and be grateful for each other. Spread the “Gift of Love and Dedication (GOLD)” in the province. (Rheafe Hortizano, PAO ID)

Thursday, February 13, 2020

Progressives back VFA termination

By:  KEN E. CAGULA

DAVAO CITY, Philippines – Progressive groups are supported the government’s move to terminate the Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the United States (US).

These groups have long opposed to the presence of American troops in the country.

Foreign Affairs Secretary Teodoro Locsin Jr. announced on Tuesday, that the US Embassy’s deputy chief of mission have already received the termination notice, which will take effect after 180 days or about six months.

As Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (Bayan) started its 180-day countdown to VFA termination, it said that the public should be vigilant and oppose possible reversal and renegotiation by the Philippine government, as well as “pressure and maneuvers” coming from the US.

Bayan secretary-general Renato Reyes Jr., in a statement on Wednesday, said the termination of the VFA is “an opportunity for the Philippines to move away from its military dependence on the US.”

Following the country’s termination of the VFA, Bayan urged the government to also cancel the upcoming Balikatan military exercises in April.

Last January, President Duterte threatened to terminate the VFA, expressing his anger over the US government’s decision to cancel the visa of Sen. Ronald “Bato” Dela Rosa, who previously led the bloody anti-drug campaign when he was the police chief.

Such “trivial” reason for terminating the two-decade-old military accord, however, is frustrating on the part of Moro group Suara Bangsamoro, saying that the government should recognize that human rights violations against Filipinos have been committed by US soldiers under the VFA.

She explained that human rights defenders have been submitting reports to the Legislative Oversight Committee on the Visiting Forces Agreement (LOVFA) in previous administrations on several documented cases of human rights violations.

These included violations committed in Moro communities in Mindanao during Balikatan exercises.

“We submitted several cases of the presence of US troops during combat operations where they were seen leading AFP troops from 2002 to 2009, and were identified by victims of shooting, maiming, and killing,” Lidasan said.

“Our communities and people were used [for their] target practice. We have reports of individuals being shot during target practice and residential areas bombed due to ‘misfiring’,” she added.

Lidasan also deplored the inability of the Philippine government to hold the US troops accountable for their “atrocities” against Filipinos under such agreement.

“That’s why it is insulting, especially to the victims, (to know) that President Duterte is giving more emphasis on the trivial reason of cancelling the US visa of Sen. Bato as a ground for abrogating the VFA,” Lidasan said.

Meanwhile, progressive groups also called for the termination of other military agreements with the US, such as the Mutual Defense Treaty (MDT) and the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement (EDCA).

Bayan also underscored that terminating the VFA should not mean rushing into a new military agreement with another foreign power such as China.

“The defense of the Philippines, including the West Philippine Sea, falls on the Philippine Government and the Filipino people, not on any foreign power with its own agenda. We cannot enter into a military agreement with China since we have a conflict in the West Philippine Sea,” Reyes added. (davaotoday.com)

Coronavirus: Sharp increase in deaths and cases in Hubei


Related Topics
A Chinese worker wears a protective mask as she has her temperature checked on a nearly empty commercial area on February 12, 2020 in Beijing, China.Image copyrightGETTY IMAGES
Image captionThe WHO has said a vaccine will likely be found but it will take time
Some 242 deaths from the new coronavirus were recorded in the Chinese province of Hubei on Wednesday - the deadliest day of the outbreak.
There was also a huge increase in the number of cases, with 14,840 people diagnosed with the virus.
Hubei has started using a broader definition to diagnose people - which accounts for most of the rise in cases.
Until Wednesday's increases, the number of people diagnosed in Hubei - where the outbreak emerged - was stabilising.
But the new cases and deaths in the province have pushed the national death toll above 1,350 - with almost 60,000 infections in total.
Meanwhile, the Communist Party secretary in Hubei, Jiang Chaoliang, has been replaced by the Shanghai party chief, Ying Yong, according to state media. The party chief of the capital city Wuhan has also been relieved of his duties.
It is the first major change of Hubei party officials since the outbreak began.
Earlier this week, a number of health officials were "removed" from their jobs.

What is the new diagnosis method?

The province - which accounts for more than 80% of overall Chinese infections - now includes "clinically diagnosed cases" in the number of confirmed cases.
This means it includes those showing symptoms, and having a CT scan showing an infected lung, rather than relying only on the standard nucleic acid tests.
Of the 242 new deaths in Wuhan, 135 are such "clinically diagnosed" cases.
That means, even without the new definition, the number of deaths in Hubei on Wednesday was 107 - a new high for the province.
The province's 14,840 new infections include 13,332 clinically diagnosed cases.
Overall, the province now has 48,206 confirmed infections.

What is the latest with the cruise ships?

A cruise ship carrying more than 2,000 people has docked in Cambodia - after it was turned away by five ports over fears that some passengers might be infected with the virus.
The MS Westerdam arrived on Thursday morning after Japan, Taiwan, Guam, the Philippines and Thailand had all refused to accept the ship - despite having no sick patients on board.
Meanwhile, another 44 cases have been confirmed on the Diamond Princess, which is in quarantine in Yokohama, Japan.
The increase means 218 people of the 3,700 people on board the ship have caught the virus. Not everyone has been tested yet.
People with the virus are taken to hospitals on land to be treated, while those on board are largely confined to their cabins.
Media captionCoronavirus quarantine: 'I haven't had freedom for a month'

What does the WHO say?

The WHO said it was "way too early" to predict the end of the epidemic. "This outbreak could still go in any direction," the director-general warned.
The WHO has been able to track down the source of transmission in all but eight of the 441 cases of the virus outside China, its head of emergencies Michael Ryan said.
He added: "I think it's way too early to try to predict the beginning, the middle or the end of this epidemic right now."
On Tuesday top Chinese epidemiologist Zhong Nanshan said the epidemic should peak in China this month before subsiding.
Four possible vaccines were being funded for pre-clinical development, WHO Chief Scientist Soumya Swaminathan told reporters.
"I think we will find a vaccine," she said. "It will take some time. A vaccine cannot be made overnight."

In other developments:

  • The world's largest mobile phone showcase, Mobile World Congress (MWC), has been cancelled, organisers in the Spanish city of Barcelona have confirmed
  • The US Centers for Disease Control said it was preparing for the coronavirus to possibly "take a foothold in the US". Thirteen cases have been confirmed in the US
  • About 300 employees have been evacuated from Singapore's biggest bank, DBS, after one person fell ill with the coronavirus. All 300 had been working on the same floor and were sent home
  • Formula 1's Chinese Grand Prix, due to take place in Shanghai on 19 April, has been postponed
  • In its latest measure to try to halt the spread, China said it would stagger the return of children to school. Several provinces have closed schools until the end of February
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Tuesday, February 11, 2020

SMASHED!

My column in Mindanao Daily, BusinessWeek Mindanao and Cagayan de Oro Times.

Smashed? Drunk? Or in another words: "If alcohol becomes a scourge. ..."

"Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? Those who linger long on the wine, those who go in search of mixed wines? Do not look at the wine when it is red, when it sparkles in the cup, when it swirls around smoothly; at the last it bites like a serpent, and stings like a viper. Your eyes will see strange things, and your heart will utter perverse words. Yes, you will be like one who lies down in he mist o the sea, or like one, who lies on top of  the mast, saying: 'They have struck me, but I wasn't hurt; they have beaten me, but I didn't feel it. When I shall awake, that I may seek another drink!'" (Proverbs 23:29-35).

When I recopied this part from my bible I got (again!) the idea writing about this topic. The writer of these proverbs expressed very well the effect of alcohol.

Alcohol is, as we all know, a depressant. It slows down the function of all the body's parts. Vital functions can be slowed down to the point of death. Under its influence people choke to death at family picnics, drown at the beach, fall asleep while driving a car, hurt and even kill other people.

The devil alcohol creates a feeling of freedom without worries and euphoria. Our feelings are really free flowing, everyday worries are replaced with a carefree spirit. Wow, I really feel on top of the world today... .

I joined the circle of many other fellows around, more or less regular social drinking, and/or habitual drinking drinking with meals (beer or wine!). When I stayed in France, I couldn't believe that for many Frenchmen a breakfast consists of bread (baguette), cheese, coffee - and red wine! Anyway, social drinking also means occasional drinks to relieve stress or boredom.

Once we reach the addictive stage we are already in danger. Gulping drinks and secret drinking daily to relieve stress makes one lose control, and being unable to stop drinking creates drinking habits, Danger is with us, if we lose control over when, where and how much we drink. The memory blackouts don't let us remember any more, where we had been or how we get home. We loose our self-respect and the performance of our work is seriously affected. Loss of interest in everything (except in drinking) means loss of jobs, conflicts with the law, mental deterioration, and even death. The sad consequences should let us tremble with fear.

A few people who decide to stop drinking find it easy. Having made the decision, they simply never drink again. And honestly, every time I enjoy a drink in really acceptable measurements I am trying to ask myself, if I could stop drinking right now. And I am pretty sure, the answer is YES. That's how I quit smoking almost 35 years ago... .

Monday, February 10, 2020

How to learn a language in an hour a day ...


Being bilingual has vast benefits – but getting there needn’t be a lifelong slog. One hour per day? I am not sure, if this is enough.

Learning a new language is an inherently scary idea. Thousands of unfamiliar words, an entirely different grammatical structure and the high potential for embarrassment are enough to intimidate many of us. With a busy work life, finding the time to commit to a new language can be a challenge in itself.

But experts agree that it’s more than possible to make meaningful progress in just one hour a day. Not only that, the skills gained from practicing a new language can feel like superpowers in the workplace and beyond.

Research shows there is a direct correlation between bilingualism and intelligence, memory skills and higher academic achievement. As the brain more efficiently processes information, it is even able to stave off age-related cognitive decline.

Depending on your native tongue and which new language you’re learning, you can develop a diverse toolkit of both short-term and lifelong cognitive benefits. Of course, the further apart the language the tougher the challenge (think Dutch and Vietnamese), but focusing on a specific application can drastically narrow the practice time.

Whether it’s for a new job, for literary competence or for making casual conversation, you can sharpen language skills no matter your age or previous exposure.

The most difficult languages

The US Foreign Service Institute (FSI) divides languages into four tiers of difficulty for native English speakers to learn. Group 1, the easiest of the bunch, includes languages like Danish, French, Italian, Romanian, Spanish and Swedish. According to FSI research, it takes around 600 to 750 hours of practice to reach basic fluency in all Group 1 languages.

The US Foreign Service Institute divides languages into four tiers of difficulty. The easiest take around 480 hours of practice to reach basic fluency

The difficulty begins to spike as we move down the list. It takes 900 hours to achieve the same level of fluency in Group 2 languages, which include German, Malay, Swahili, Haitian Creole and Indonesian. More difficult are many languages like Bengali, Czech, Hebrew, Polish and Tagalog, which places them in in Group 3. Group 4 is comprised of some of the most challenging languages for English speakers to grasp: Arabic, Chinese, Japanese and Korean.

Despite the daunting time frame, experts say it’s worth learning a second language for the cognitive benefits alone. Doing so naturally develops our executive functions, “the high-level ability to flexibly manipulate and utilize information, and hold information in the mind and suppress irrelevant information,” says Julie Fiez, a professor at the University of Pittsburgh’s department of neuroscience. “It’s called executive functions because it’s thought of as skills of a CEO: managing a bunch of people, juggling a lot of information, multitasking, prioritizing.”

Bilingual brains rely on executive functions – things like inhibitory control, working memory and cognitive flexibility – to maintain balance between two languages, according to a study from Northwestern University. Because both language systems are always active and competing, the brain’s control mechanisms are constantly strengthened.

At an hour a day's practice, a native English speaker could learn a Group 1 language in two years.

Lisa Meneghetti, a data analyst from Treviso, Italy, is a hyper polyglot, meaning she is fluent in six or more languages - in her case English, French, Swedish, Spanish, Russian and Italian. When embarking on a new language, especially one with a lower difficulty curve that requires less cognitive stamina, she says the biggest challenge is to avoid mixing words.

“It’s normal for the brain to switch and use shortcuts,” she says. “This happens more often and more easily with languages that belong to the same family…  because the similarities are great but so are the false friends!”

While it might seem counter-intuitive, combating this mental hurdle is as simple as pursuing a language with fewer similarities to the one you already know, according to Beverly Baker, a professor of language and bilingualism at the University of Ottawa.

“If you choose two that had different writing systems and very different areas - Japanese and Spanish - at the same time, you wouldn’t have that annoyance of mixing up the words,” she says.

Learning the basics of any language is a quick task. Programs like Duolingo or Rosetta Stone can guide you through a few greetings and simple phrases at lightning speed. For a more personal experience, polyglot Timothy Doner recommends reading and watching material that you already have an interest in.

“If you like cooking, buy a cookbook in a foreign language; if you like soccer, try watching a foreign game,” he says. “Even if you’re only picking up a handful of words per day - and the vast majority continue to sound like gibberish - they will be easier to recall later on.”

Learning a new language becomes much easier if you combine it with something else you enjoy – for instance, watching a football game with foreign commentary. Before you go too far, however, it’s important to consider exactly how you plan to use the language in the future.

“A busy professional might see Mandarin as important to learn because they have business contacts, or it could be a language your family spoke and you lost, or you’re in love with someone who spoke that language. Maybe you’re just interested in saying a few things to your in-laws,” Baker says. “It’s your personal motivations - the level you actually want to realistically live in the language.”

Once your intentions for the new language are defined, you can begin planning out a productive hourly schedule for daily practice

Once your intentions for the new language are defined, you can begin planning out a productive hourly schedule for daily practice that includes multiple learning methods.

Advice on how to best spend this time varies depending on which polyglot or linguistics expert you’re speaking to. But there’s one tip they all seem to stand behind: devote at least half of your hour to stepping away from the books and videos to practice with a native speaker face to face. “To go over questions and do activities, to talk together in the language, and to discuss the culture,” Baker says. “I would not skip that part, because learning about the people and culture will motivate me to keep up with the rest of my learning.”

“Adults, some of them do their language learning trying to memorize words and practice pronunciation, all in silence and to themselves. They don’t actually take the leap to try and have a conversation actually using the language,” Fiez says. “You’re not really learning another language, you’re just learning picture-sound associations.”

Language-learning programs are important, but spending time with a native speaker is the most effective method. 

Just like exercise or musical instruments, people recommend a shorter amount of practice time on a regular basis rather than larger chunks on a more sporadic basis. This is because without a consistent schedule the brain fails to engage in any deep cognitive processes, like making connections between new knowledge and your previous learning. An hour a day five days a week is therefore going to be more beneficial than a five-hour blitz once a week.

According to the FSI index, it would take 150 weeks at this pace to achieve basic fluency in a Group 1 language, or just under three years. But by following the advice from experts, narrowing down your lessons for specific applications rather than general fluency, new speakers will be able to shave off significant time towards reaching their desired level.

“Learning a second language can satisfy an immediate need but it will also help you become a more understanding and empathic person by opening the doors to a different way of thinking and feeling,” says Meneghetti. “It’s about IQ and EQ combined.”

Dedicating one hour of your day towards learning a new language can be thought of as practice in bridging gaps between people. The result is a more malleable communication skill set that brings you closer to your peers at work, home or abroad.

“You’re faced with a different worldview with someone from a different culture. You don’t rush to judgment and are more effective at resolving the clashes in the world that come up,” Baker says.

“Just learning one language, any language in any culture, helps you to develop that adaptability and flexibility when faced with other cultures, period.”


Saturday, February 8, 2020

How the Lumad learned to survive in Haran


By:  KATH M. CORTEZ


DAVAO CITY, Philippines — “Our stay in Haran becomes more painful and difficult with each passing day but we choose to stay,” said Datu Guinom Andil, chairman of Salugpungan Ta Tanu Igkanugon, an organization of Manobos in Talaingod, Davao del Norte province.

Affected by the civil war between the government and Communist rebels and often becoming victims of various human rights violations, the Manobo indigenous people still decide to stay in the evacuation center at the heart of Davao for their safety and for accessing government services.

The leaders, however, say that since the day they evacuated government help has become increasingly elusive, with assistance usually coming from citizens’ groups that never left them.

The Lumad struggle started way back in 1991 when they had to fight the logging company Alcantara and Sons in the mountains of the Pantaron Range, under the leadership of Datu Guibang Apoga, known to be a great leader.

With the urgency to defend the Pantaron range, he unified the other village chiefs or datus against the logging concessionaire. The unity of the datus resulted in the establishment of the Salugpungan Tribal Council that became the unified system of governance among indigenous communities and their central body of decision-making, settling internal conflicts and preparing community defense.

When Datu Guibang surrendered to the military in June 2018, the whole Salugpungan Council remained and continues to lead the Lumad people in the evacuation center and in their ancestral land.

System of governance inside Haran

Datu Guibang’s decision to surrender came on top of the various problems faced by the Lumad in the evacuation center. Despite this, the elders’ leadership was unshaken. Datu Guinom Andil, Datu Guibang’s nephew, now leads the Salugpungan council along with around 30 datus and community leaders.

The Lumad in the evacuation center practiced democratic consultation and collective decision-making inside the evacuation center. Through these, the council along with its people agreed to continue the to fight for Salugpungan ta Tanu Igkanugon Community Learning Center (STTICLC) as an alternative school in their community. They stood firm in their decision to remain in the evacuation center despite all the cases of harassment and intimidation that they have been facing over the years.

“The tribe was not weakened by the loss of a single leader. Datu Guibang is just a part of the entire Manobo of Pantaron and led several battles for our ancestral land. This does not mean that we cannot continue the battle without him. We will lead our people in the path towards justice and peace,” Datu Guinom said.


Datu Guinom Andil takes the position of Datu Guibang Apoga upon the Salugpungan council’s approval. He also came from Talaingod and is known as one of the staunch leaders of the Manobo tribe. (Kath M. Cortez/davaotoday.com)

Together with the tribal leaders in the Haran evacuation center, Datu Guinom, who hails from Talaingod, established committees for different tasks and responsibilities. Each committee is led by a datu to ensure that all concerns within the evacuation center are being addressed in an organized way.

The committee on agriculture is responsible for a backyard garden program to ensure the source of healthy food inside the evacuation camp. This committee also ensures the equal distribution of food to every family inside Haran.

They Lumad also have the committee on education which ensures that every child inside the evacuation camp will go to their alternative school to undergo the basic literacy and numeracy program. Aside from guaranteeing academics, the committee also ensures the teaching of Manobo culture and tradition to the young evacuees during free time. Datus are responsible for introducing the indigenous way of playing and hunting in the mountains as the way of keeping the young evacuees immersed in their own culture.

Another important committee in the Haran evacuation area is composed of a group of men that ensures the safety and security of all evacuees. They are also led by a datu and would take turns as watchers of the whole vicinity as well as gatekeepers.

Women’s important role

Though some Lumad women, like Bai Bibiyaon Ligkayan Bigkay and Lorena Mandacawan, are part of the tribal council, they also have an independent organization inside the evacuation center to ensure that all women can participate in making decisions on the struggle and other issues inside the camp.

They established the Sabokahan-Unity of Lumad Women to amplify the voices of Lumad women inside the camp and in all indigenous communities in Southern Mindanao.

“The leadership of Bae Bibiyaon is the reason why women in the tribe have voices. With our significant role in the Lumad struggle, our organization wanted to develop courageous women leaders that can also protect our people against oppressors,” said Lorena Mandacawan, chairperson of Sabokahan and leader of Parents-Teachers and Community Association (PTCA) of the Salugpongan schools.

Women take responsibility for ensuring the health and cleanliness of the camp. They undergo trainings on basic health concerns as mitigation against possible diseases like cough, colds, and diarrhea, and their outbreak. They train mothers to use as alternative medicines the herbs that they can access in the vicinity.

They ensure that newborn children are being taken care off, provided with proper nutrition, and nourished with breastfeeding despite the lack of funds. They also partner with volunteer medical students in conducting regular health check-ups among sick children and adults.

“Women in the camp have a role of ensuring that our children live in a place that is out of danger. It is a good thing that some of us here worked before as barangay health workers in our communities,” said Jennilyn Baguio, Sabokahan secretary-general.


A Lumad woman who makes beautiful and colorful bracelets sits in her front door, trying to finish a piece before evening. (Kath M. Cortez/davaotoday.com)

Women also thought of making beads in order to gain an additional income. They make various sizes of women’s accessories like necklaces, bracelets, and earrings that they usually sell to visitors for a price of P100 to P300.

Beads-making is also one way to keep the Manobo culture alive inside the camp. Women ensure that children also learn how to make their own bead designs ased on their artistic and colorful traditions.

In some families, beads-making is also a family bonding activity where husbands also help their wives and children create accessories during free time.

The world of children evacuees

On regular weekdays, the entire camp is filled with young voices reading simultaneously what their volunteer teachers are teaching.

In a shanty made of bamboo walls and galvanized iron roof that is divided into four rooms, children can be seen solving mathematical problems, reading simple words, writing something on their notebooks donated by friends of their schools, or chatting to each other while waiting for their teacher’s next instruction.


Due to limited chairs for students, a boy sits under a big tree while taking notes of the lesson for the day. (Kath M. Cortez/davaotoday.com)

Children have developed a way of staying focused on studying their lessons despite the poor learning environment. Due to insufficient budget for building proper classrooms, their schools are not conducive to learning. It is hot during noontime and water falling on the roof during rainy days makes a lot of sound.

The chairs are usually broken and are not comfortable to sit in. Some even sit on the ground just to attend their classes.

The students don’t have enough books to read for additional learning, except for the donated books inside their mini-library.

During their break, children would go to their houses in order to eat or drink water, while some would just hang around in every corner of Haran. The latter are usually seen in the library reading books, laughing together under the mango trees, or playing basketball in an improvised court near the school.


Toddlers inside the evacuation center chatting together as they play in the ground under the mango tree. (Kath M. Cortez/davaotoday.com)

Toddlers who are not yet studying can be seen playing in the ground. They use some old donated toys to enjoy themselves around the vicinity. Others use empty cans, leaves and even small stones to keep themselves busy.

“It saddens us to see our children growing up in a place like this. Now they play in a limited space and see animals only through books. During our younger days in the mountains, we would climb trees, run as fast as we can, and hunt for animals in the forest. That’s how we play and learn life,” uttered by Datud Tungig Mansimuy-at, one of the community leaders of the Lumad.

Despite the condition inside the evacuation center, the leaders of Salugpungan and all the evacuees have decided not to return home. Their condition stays the same and they are hoping that government officials would soon listen to their plight and calls.

The evacuation center will remain to be their community as long as they remain unsafe in their ancestral lands. (davaotoday.com)

German Language Course Davao City @ Ateneo de Davao soon


Meeting with Dr. Benedict V. Omblero, Director of Ateneo de Davao Language Center, Humanities and Letters, School of Arts and Science. Finalizing German language course - starting expected April 13, 2020 (Mondays - Thursdays 1 to 3 pm). Thank you so much Ateneo de Davao for giving me the great opportunity to teach German language (again!). Thank you for your time this morning Dr. Omblero, and thank you Ateneo de Davao President Father Joel.

Reaping the fruits


Progress follows when peace and order dominates. After seeking the potentials of the baguio-like barangay of Araibo, Pantukan Davao de Oro, the Sarayon and Radio-room Livelihood Farmer's Association reaps the fruits of their hard work. These farmers are the beneficiaries of the Provincial Government and the 66th Infantry Battalion who spearheaded the creation of the association where people live in peace and harmony and generates income rooted from the Army's Core Purpose "Serving the People, Securing the Land. (photos by Jasteen Abella ID Davao de Oro)