Under the Philippine Institute for Development Studies (PIDS) auspices, a multi-institutional squad of 15 researchers led by Dr. Aniceto Orbeta Jr. and Dr. Michael Abrigo presented last month the results of a project launched some five years ago on Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE). Mandated nationwide in 2013 under Republic Act No. 10533, MTB-MLE required the use of the mother tongue as the medium of instruction (MOI) from kindergarten to Grade 3, allowing a gradual transition through Grade 6 before returning to Filipino and English as primary languages of learning. In 2024, RA 12027 stopped the mandatory use of the mother tongue, except in monolingual classrooms, and restored Filipino and English as the MOI.

The national enforcement of MTB-MLE thus lasted only about a decade after over 40 years of advocacy. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization research in the ’70s, which prominently featured the Philippines, triggered the MTB-MLE campaign. Academics and professional bodies of linguist experts pursued the cause. International development agencies provided financial support. The Department of Education (DepEd) pushed the advocacy, launching extensive pilot projects, especially during the term of DepEd Secretary Br. Andrew Gonzalez, FSB, himself a Ph.D. in linguistics from University of California, Berkeley. His successors at DepEd continued these initiatives.