Governments must take a stronger stance on endangered languages
NIGHT OWL
Worldwide, nearly half of all living languages—3,045 out of 7,164—are endangered, with as many as 95 percent at risk of extinction by the end of the century. This crisis extends beyond the linguistic realm and into the heart of cultural, historical, and social identities. Preserving these languages is not merely a sentimental endeavor; it is an obligation that governments, particularly in developing economies, must shoulder. Without proactive government leadership, minority languages can quickly fade, taking with them irreplaceable cultural heritage and crucial knowledge systems.
First and foremost, governments have the power to create and enforce policies that champion linguistic diversity. Declaring minority languages as co-official or legally protected means more than symbolic recognition. It guarantees the right of citizens to receive education, legal aid, and other essential services in their mother tongue. This inclusivity can counteract social marginalization, bolster community confidence, and foster a stronger sense of national identity. By embedding language rights into constitutions, educational guidelines, and local governance, officials help shift the narrative from one of assimilation to one of celebration.
Second, governments can lead the charge in providing funding and resources. Language documentation, revitalization, and promotion efforts often require specialized expertise—linguists, anthropologists, curriculum designers, and software developers, to name a few. Without sustained funding, local initiatives may struggle to survive or scale up. By allocating budgets to language research institutions, training programs for teachers in mother-tongue instruction, and collaborative projects with indigenous communities, governments can significantly amplify the impact of grassroots efforts.
Moreover, the economic benefits of language preservation are often overlooked. Research suggests that children who study in their mother tongues achieve higher literacy rates and perform better academically—a boon for any country’s long-term development. Cultural tourism tied to indigenous languages and traditions can bolster local economies. Films, music, literature, and digital content in diverse tongues not only enrich the cultural tapestry but can open niche markets at home and abroad. Governments that recognize this potential can foster an environment where cultural heritage becomes a strategic asset, not a liability.
Technological integration is another area where state involvement is crucial. Large tech companies primarily focus on popular global languages for their platforms and services, leaving hundreds of tongues on the margins. Governments can encourage or mandate private-sector collaboration through policies or incentives, ensuring that translation tools, online platforms, and voice assistants incorporate endangered languages. When minority-language speakers have access to digital tools in their own tongue, they remain connected and relevant in an increasingly tech-driven world.
Lastly, government-led international cooperation can turn isolated efforts into global progress. The threat of language extinction spans national borders, so sharing expertise and best practices is vital. Through partnerships with institutions like UNESCO and cross-country cultural exchanges, governments can pool resources, develop standardized language orthographies, and support large-scale digitization projects. Such collaborations help developing countries—which may lack the financial or technical capacity for extensive language-preservation initiatives—leapfrog hurdles more efficiently.
In the end, preserving endangered languages requires more than sporadic efforts by well-intentioned linguists or activists; it demands the full commitment of states, codified into law and supported by the public purse. Every language lost is a chapter of human history closed forever, a unique lens on the world that future generations will never again experience. Governments have the authority, resources, and reach to ensure that does not happen. In doing so, they not only safeguard cultural richness and social equity but also uphold a fundamental moral and ethical duty to protect the linguistic tapestry of humanity.
