This might not be the typical expat blog, written by a German expat, living in the Philippines since 1999. It's different. In English and in German. Check it out! Enjoy reading!
Dies mag' nun wirklich nicht der typische Auswandererblog eines Deutschen auf den Philippinen sein. Er soll etwas anders sein. In Englisch und in Deutsch! Viel Spass beim Lesen!
You plan to move to the Philippines? Wollen Sie auf den Philippinen leben?
There are REALLY TONS of websites telling us how, why, maybe why not and when you'll be able to move to the Philippines. I only love to tell and explain some things "between the lines". Enjoy reading, be informed, have fun and be entertained too!
Ja, es gibt tonnenweise Webseiten, die Ihnen sagen wie, warum, vielleicht warum nicht und wann Sie am besten auf die Philippinen auswandern könnten. Ich möchte Ihnen in Zukunft "zwischen den Zeilen" einige zusätzlichen Dinge berichten und erzählen. Viel Spass beim Lesen und Gute Unterhaltung!
Visitors of germanexpatinthephilippines/Besucher dieser Webseite.Ich liebe meine Flaggensammlung!
Total Pageviews
2,232,713
Showing posts with label Anna Mae Lamentillo. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Anna Mae Lamentillo. Show all posts
In every corner of the world where ballots are cast, democracy is tested—not just by those who count the votes, but by those who believe their voice still matters. At its best, democracy is the collective dream of a people charting their own future. But at its most vulnerable, it is a quiet hope that can be silenced with fear, forgotten in apathy, or broken by betrayal.
The truth is: democracy is fragile. And yet, it remains the most powerful force for change because its strength does not reside in institutions or constitutions alone—it lives in the people.
In the Philippines, we know this fragility well. Ours is a democracy born of struggle—shaped by colonization, tempered by martial law, and reborn through People Power. We have marched in the streets and waited in long lines under the scorching sun just to make sure our votes count.
We have risked safety to speak the truth when it was dangerous to do so. And yet, for all our sacrifices, we remain vulnerable to the same forces that threaten democracies everywhere: corruption, disinformation, suppression, and the slow erosion of trust in public institutions.
When the right to vote is compromised—whether by deliberate disenfranchisement, technological failure, or the quiet discouragement of hopelessness—it is not only ballots that are lost, but belief. And when people stop believing in their power to shape the future, democracy begins to die.
This is why protecting voting rights is not just a political issue—it is a human one. It is about ensuring that no voice is too small to be heard, that no community is too remote to be represented, and that no citizen is ever made to feel invisible. It is about remembering that democracy is not inherited—it is earned, defended, and reimagined in every generation.
Hope is the heartbeat of democracy. Every voter who lines up before dawn, every election volunteer who stays up counting ballots, every journalist who risks their safety to report the truth, every teacher who explains to students why their vote matters—they are all reminders that democracy is not merely a system of governance, but an act of faith in each other.
History teaches us that the vote is often the first thing taken and the last thing returned when freedom is under siege. That is why the right to vote must never be taken for granted, especially in times of uncertainty or division. It must be protected, expanded, and celebrated.
In today’s hyper-digital, hyper-polarized world, cynicism has become a currency too many are willing to trade in. But to surrender to cynicism is to cede the future to those who do not care to hear us. And we, the people, have come too far to do that.
So let this be our call to action—not just to vote, but to fight for every person’s right to do so. To make elections more accessible. To educate the next generation on the hard-won history behind each ballot. To speak out against voter suppression in all its forms. To believe, fiercely, in the promise of the people.
Because democracy may be fragile.
But when it is powered by the people, it is unbreakable.
The phrase “Ang taba mo” has long been a fixture in Filipino social interactions, commonly surfacing in family reunions, neighborhood gatherings, and even casual conversations between acquaintances. Although often uttered without obvious malice, this seemingly benign remark has deeper implications when viewed through the lens of recent findings on body image and mental health. A newly released survey conducted by Arkipelago Analytics highlights a troubling pattern, revealing that over half of young adults aged 18–24 in the Philippines experience negative self-perception that adversely affects their well-being. While multiple factors contribute to these sentiments—including the influence of social media and the proliferation of global beauty standards—the everyday comments exchanged in Filipino households and social settings also appear to play a substantial role in shaping body image.
The persistence of “Ang taba mo” as an accepted form of discourse can be traced to certain cultural norms that value frankness and familial familiarity. In many Filipino households, conversations surrounding weight gain or loss have traditionally been viewed as ordinary observations, sometimes even interpreted as signs of affection. Historically, such remarks might have been linked to indicators of health or prosperity, especially in contexts where food scarcity or limited resources could shape perceptions of body size. However, in contemporary times, when exposure to international media and an ever-expanding digital sphere is common, the interpretation of these remarks has taken on new dimensions. What was once viewed as a casual statement may now be perceived as criticism, potentially triggering self-doubt, insecurity, or shame.
The aforementioned survey reveals that 52 percent of individuals aged 18–24 report detrimental mental health effects related to body image, a figure that exceeds the global average for the same age bracket by approximately six percentage points. Similar, though somewhat lower, rates of negative impact are evident among those aged 25–34, followed by declining numbers in the older groups surveyed. In line with these statistics, low self-esteem and persistent stress top the list of reported psychological ramifications, with a significant segment of respondents also citing depression or pronounced anxiety. The data further suggest that the casual remarks encountered in one’s immediate social sphere can reinforce or exacerbate these internal struggles, particularly for younger Filipinos who may already be grappling with intersecting demands related to education, career, or personal identity formation.
These findings prompt a closer examination of the interplay between cultural expressions, social norms, and shifting ideals of beauty. As mass media and online influencers reshape public perceptions of physical appearance, Filipino youth navigate a dual landscape: on one side, a culturally ingrained acceptance of direct commentary on weight, and on the other, global trends that emphasize a narrow, media-driven standard of attractiveness. This dual influence can result in a heightened sensitivity to remarks about body size, particularly for those immersed in digital cultures where images are constantly filtered, curated, and projected to large audiences. In these spaces, the phrase “Ang taba mo” acquires an intensity it may not have possessed in earlier generations.
At the core of the issue lies the potential disconnect between intent and impact. Although family members or friends might intend to express concern or merely acknowledge a noticeable change, the recipient of the remark can interpret it as an indictment of personal worth or attractiveness. The growing body of research on the psychology of body image in the Philippines points to this divergence as a key factor in understanding how everyday language may contribute to mental health challenges. Scholars of psychology, sociology, and cultural studies increasingly emphasize the need for nuanced interpretations of well-meant yet potentially harmful comments, especially in societies with strong communal ties and traditions of openness.
By placing the survey’s findings in historical and social context, it becomes evident that the cultural script around weight-related comments demands reevaluation. Although openness and candidness have their merits, the documented rise in body image issues—coupled with the expanding influence of digital media—illustrates the complexity of maintaining cultural practices in a rapidly transforming environment. While there is no single cause for the upswing in negative self-perception, the continued prevalence of “Ang taba mo” suggests that cultural idioms and social norms themselves are integral components of the evolving conversation on mental health in the Philippines. Understanding these dynamics not only sheds light on the lived experiences of young Filipinos, but also on the broader intersection of language, culture, and well-being in a society where words hold considerable weight.
Climate change is no longer a distant threat looming on the horizon — it is a present reality demanding immediate, unified action. In 2024 alone, we have witnessed an unprecedented surge in ocean temperatures, illustrating just how rapidly and dramatically our planet is changing. Global temperatures have soared past the critical 1.5°C threshold, a milestone scientists have long cautioned we should avoid crossing to prevent catastrophic climate impacts.
We have also seen carbon dioxide (CO2) levels spike to their highest in 800,000 years, underscoring the deep human imprint on our environment. These statistics are more than mere numbers; they are warnings, telling us that the decisions we make today will shape the world for future generations.
One stark indicator of the urgency we face is how fast sea levels are rising. Satellite measurements reveal that the rate of sea level rise has doubled since such monitoring began, placing coastal communities at greater risk of flooding and land loss. Coupled with the largest three-year loss of glacier mass ever recorded—between 2022 and 2024—these trends paint an unsettling picture of what the future might hold if we continue along our current trajectory.
Ice sheets, glaciers, and polar regions act like the Earth’s cooling system, reflecting sunlight back into space. As ice mass diminishes, more heat is absorbed by our planet, further fueling the warming cycle. This vicious cycle intensifies other climate-related challenges, from droughts and extreme storms to surging ocean temperatures that threaten marine life.
The second-lowest extent of Antarctic sea ice on record, also documented recently, is another glaring example of our planet’s imbalance. The cryosphere, encompassing all frozen water on Earth, is profoundly sensitive to temperature changes. When these critical systems are disrupted, there can be ripple effects worldwide, such as altered ocean currents, shifting weather patterns, and diminishing freshwater supplies. These impacts are not confined to the poles. In a connected world, distress in one region eventually sends shockwaves across the globe, reinforcing the reality that climate change is not someone else’s problem; it belongs to us all.
Nowhere is this more evident than in nations like the Philippines, one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. An archipelago prone to typhoons, storm surges, and rising seas, the Philippines is on the front lines of climate-induced disasters. Storms like Super Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) in 2013 offered a horrifying preview of what ever-intensifying tropical cyclones might look like in a warmer future.
Flooding, agricultural destruction, and infrastructural damage threaten the economy and displace countless families, ultimately perpetuating cycles of poverty. The Philippines’ geographical and socio-economic vulnerability should serve as a clarion call for the international community: no country is immune to the impacts of a warming world, and those with fewer resources are hit hardest.
The real question before us is not whether we can act but whether we will act swiftly and decisively. Transitioning to clean energy, preserving and expanding natural carbon sinks like forests and mangroves, and prioritizing resilience in infrastructure are essential steps. Large-scale systemic changes — shifting from fossil fuels to renewables, integrating sustainable agricultural practices, and implementing robust climate policies — need global cooperation to succeed.
Equally vital is local action: citizens making environmentally conscious lifestyle changes, communities uniting to protect natural habitats, and youth raising their voices in climate movements.
We must remember we are the guardians of this planet for the next generation. The future they inherit depends on the steps we take today. Each fraction of a degree of warming that we prevent will mean fewer storms with the destructive power of Haiyan, fewer communities flooded, and fewer families displaced. We are living through a pivotal moment in history.
By recognizing the Philippine experience as a microcosm of global climate vulnerability, we underscore our collective responsibility to address climate change — now, not only for our sakes, but for our children, grandchildren, and every generation that follows.
Worldwide, nearly half of all living languages—3,045 out of 7,164—are endangered, with as many as 95 percent at risk of extinction by the end of the century. This crisis extends beyond the linguistic realm and into the heart of cultural, historical, and social identities. Preserving these languages is not merely a sentimental endeavor; it is an obligation that governments, particularly in developing economies, must shoulder. Without proactive government leadership, minority languages can quickly fade, taking with them irreplaceable cultural heritage and crucial knowledge systems.
First and foremost, governments have the power to create and enforce policies that champion linguistic diversity. Declaring minority languages as co-official or legally protected means more than symbolic recognition. It guarantees the right of citizens to receive education, legal aid, and other essential services in their mother tongue. This inclusivity can counteract social marginalization, bolster community confidence, and foster a stronger sense of national identity. By embedding language rights into constitutions, educational guidelines, and local governance, officials help shift the narrative from one of assimilation to one of celebration.
Second, governments can lead the charge in providing funding and resources. Language documentation, revitalization, and promotion efforts often require specialized expertise—linguists, anthropologists, curriculum designers, and software developers, to name a few. Without sustained funding, local initiatives may struggle to survive or scale up. By allocating budgets to language research institutions, training programs for teachers in mother-tongue instruction, and collaborative projects with indigenous communities, governments can significantly amplify the impact of grassroots efforts.
Moreover, the economic benefits of language preservation are often overlooked. Research suggests that children who study in their mother tongues achieve higher literacy rates and perform better academically—a boon for any country’s long-term development. Cultural tourism tied to indigenous languages and traditions can bolster local economies. Films, music, literature, and digital content in diverse tongues not only enrich the cultural tapestry but can open niche markets at home and abroad. Governments that recognize this potential can foster an environment where cultural heritage becomes a strategic asset, not a liability.
Technological integration is another area where state involvement is crucial. Large tech companies primarily focus on popular global languages for their platforms and services, leaving hundreds of tongues on the margins. Governments can encourage or mandate private-sector collaboration through policies or incentives, ensuring that translation tools, online platforms, and voice assistants incorporate endangered languages. When minority-language speakers have access to digital tools in their own tongue, they remain connected and relevant in an increasingly tech-driven world.
Lastly, government-led international cooperation can turn isolated efforts into global progress. The threat of language extinction spans national borders, so sharing expertise and best practices is vital. Through partnerships with institutions like UNESCO and cross-country cultural exchanges, governments can pool resources, develop standardized language orthographies, and support large-scale digitization projects. Such collaborations help developing countries—which may lack the financial or technical capacity for extensive language-preservation initiatives—leapfrog hurdles more efficiently.
In the end, preserving endangered languages requires more than sporadic efforts by well-intentioned linguists or activists; it demands the full commitment of states, codified into law and supported by the public purse. Every language lost is a chapter of human history closed forever, a unique lens on the world that future generations will never again experience. Governments have the authority, resources, and reach to ensure that does not happen. In doing so, they not only safeguard cultural richness and social equity but also uphold a fundamental moral and ethical duty to protect the linguistic tapestry of humanity.
I’m writing this far away from home, sitting in Oxford, still carrying the awe of last night’s Advent carols at University College. It started in complete darkness—a deliberate reminder of the darkness in the world and the need for Christ. The first notes of “The Advent Prose,” drawn from traditional Advent liturgical texts and paired with Judith Weir’s hauntingly beautiful music, filled the space. Then came the familiar and stirring “O Come, O Come Emmanuel” and “This is the Truth” by R. Vaughan Williams. It was solemn, uplifting, and deeply moving.
Being at Univ, as University College is affectionately called, added another layer of reflection. This college has seen centuries of history, starting small with just four theology Fellows. Over time, through benefactors and determination, it grew into one of Oxford’s leading institutions. From its medieval roots to admitting women in 1979, Univ’s journey is one of perseverance and progress. It’s a powerful reminder of how legacies are built over time—a theme that resonates with what we can leave for future generations.
A world worth inheriting
What does it mean to leave a better future? For me, it’s imagining a world where clean air is a given, where the oceans aren’t choked with plastic, and where forests thrive alongside human progress. It’s about creating societies where education, healthcare, and opportunity are not privileges but rights—regardless of where you’re born. It’s a future where diversity is celebrated, justice is upheld, and collective well-being takes precedence over personal gain.
This might sound idealistic, but it’s not out of reach. The choices we make today—big and small—can shape the trajectory of the world we’ll pass on.
Investing in sustainability
If there’s one thing we owe the next generation, it’s a livable planet. Climate change is no longer a distant threat; it’s here. Rising temperatures, extreme weather, and the loss of biodiversity are realities impacting millions. Tackling this starts with prioritizing sustainability.
That might mean embracing renewable energy, reducing waste, or choosing businesses that prioritize green practices. It means rethinking the way we consume and advocate for policies that put the planet first. Even small actions—walking instead of driving, cutting down on single-use plastics—add up when multiplied across communities. Together, these choices can secure a future where nature and humanity coexist in harmony.
Nurturing education
Education is one of the most powerful tools we can offer the next generation. But it’s not just about traditional learning; it’s about equipping young people with critical thinking skills, digital literacy, and an understanding of how interconnected the world is.
Innovation, too, has a central role. Technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), renewable energy systems, and biotechnology hold incredible promise. But they must be guided by ethics and inclusivity. When innovation serves the greater good and not just a privileged few, it can truly transform societies.
Championing equity and justice
A better future is one where everyone has the chance to thrive. That means addressing inequalities rooted in gender, race, and socioeconomic status. It means amplifying voices that have long been ignored and crafting policies that reflect the needs of all communities—not just the elite.
Equity and justice aren’t just moral imperatives; they’re the bedrock of stable, peaceful societies. By fostering empathy, understanding, and collaboration, we can build communities that stand strong in the face of division and conflict.
The role of hope and action
Hope is powerful. But hope without action is just wishful thinking. The greatest gift we can give future generations is not just the vision of a better world but the tangible steps to achieve it. This means taking responsibility—for our consumption, our votes, our voices. It means holding leaders accountable and inspiring others to join the cause. The path forward isn’t without challenges. But it’s a journey worth taking. By planting the seeds of change today, we can nurture a future where the next generation looks back with gratitude, knowing we chose to act when it mattered most.
A gift beyond measure
As we exchange gifts this season, let’s remember the one that can’t be wrapped or placed under a tree. It’s a legacy of hope, progress, and possibility. A better future isn’t just a gift for the next generation; it’s a responsibility we all share.
So let’s give generously—not just to those we know, but to those who will inherit this world. Together, we can create a future that is brighter, kinder, and more just. And that, above all, is the ultimate gift.
In the world today, a silent crisis is unfolding: the rapid extinction of languages. UNESCO estimates that approximately 40 percent of the world’s 7,000 languages are at risk of disappearing by the end of this century. This is more than just the loss of words and grammar; it is the loss of entire cultures, histories, and identities. As these languages fade, so too do the voices of the communities that speak them, along with the rich cultural knowledge they carry.
In this critical moment, NightOwlGPT is stepping forward with a mission to preserve endangered languages and ensure that linguistic diversity continues to thrive in the digital age.
Language extinction
Language is much more than a means of communication. It is a repository of a community’s collective memory, encompassing its traditions, beliefs, and values. When a language dies, we lose not only a way of speaking but also a unique worldview, a piece of human knowledge that may never be recovered.
This loss is particularly devastating for marginalized communities, who often find their languages pushed aside by dominant global tongues like English, Spanish, or Mandarin. Currently, nearly 3,000 languages are endangered, and every two weeks, one of these languages goes extinct. The factors contributing to this alarming rate of language loss include globalization, migration, and the adoption of dominant languages for economic or social mobility.
In an increasingly connected world, speakers of minority languages may feel pressure to abandon their mother tongues in favor of more widely spoken languages. This is where NightOwlGPT comes in.
NightOwlGPT’s mission
NightOwlGPT is an AI-driven platform with a bold mission: to democratize AI technology and make it accessible to even the most marginalized communities.
By focusing on language preservation, the platform seeks to protect the cultural diversity that is at risk of being lost forever. Through real-time translation, cultural competence features, and interactive learning tools, NightOwlGPT empowers users to not only communicate in their native languages but also pass these languages on to future generations. At the heart of NightOwlGPT’s mission is the belief that AI can be a powerful tool for social good. The platform is designed to support endangered languages by offering real-time translations for languages like Tagalog, Cebuano, and Ilokano, with plans to expand to over 170 languages globally.
By embedding cultural insights and language tips into its translations, NightOwlGPT goes beyond merely providing word-for-word conversions — it helps users gain a deeper understanding of the cultural context behind each language, fostering respect and appreciation for linguistic diversity.
The role of language
Language is a critical component of cultural identity. It shapes the way people see the world, relate to one another, and maintain a sense of community. When a language disappears, the cultural fabric of a community begins to unravel, weakening the bonds of social cohesion and shared heritage. For indigenous peoples and other marginalized groups, language is often the last stronghold of their identity, a link to their ancestors and traditions. Losing that link can be disorienting, particularly for younger generations who may struggle to understand their heritage.
NightOwlGPT’s platform aims to reverse this trend by making endangered languages digitally accessible. Its interactive learning tools allow users to engage with their languages in meaningful ways, strengthening cultural continuity, and ensuring that these languages are not only preserved but actively used.
Solution for the future
NightOwlGPT recognizes that the preservation of endangered languages is not just about saving words — it’s about preserving identities, histories, and cultures. By democratizing AI and making its technology accessible to marginalized communities, NightOwlGPT offers a solution to the crisis of language extinction. The platform empowers individuals to protect their linguistic heritage while ensuring that the next generation can learn, use, and celebrate their native languages in an increasingly digital world.
In a time of rapid change and growing digital connectivity, NightOwlGPT’s mission to preserve the world’s linguistic diversity is more important than ever.
The Philippines gears up to be a digital nation. The government’s aim is to be a prosperous middle-class society by 2040 and we aspire to be a globally competitive knowledge economy.
In line with this, digital transformation is a national priority of the government. As information and communications technology (ICT) systems have become crucial in more aspects of people’s lives and the economy, President Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos, Jr. has emphasized the need for universal connectivity to ensure that no citizen is left behind, a fully digital government that is sensitive to the people’s needs, and enabling a conducive environment for the digital economy.
The Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) under Secretary Ivan John Uy, is creating and implementing both mid-term and long-term plans for digital transformation across government sectors through improved interoperability and collaboration across the government and ecosystems.
The DICT is doubling efforts to provide mobile and internet services to the most remote parts of the country, aggressively implementing key programs such as the BroadBand ng Masa Program, which provides Free Wi-Fi sites in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDAs); the Luzon Bypass Infrastructure, which will increase total government capacity from 40,000 Mbps to 2,000,000 Mbps in the next six years; and the establishment of the National Government Data Center. Moreover, through the Common Tower Policy, we can fast-track the deployment of common towers across all regions of the country, especially in the unserved and underserved areas.
For this year, the DICT targets the completion of the Luzon Bypass Infrastructure (LBI) Phase 1; while 15,834 Free Wi-Fi sites are targeted to be launched for 2023 in public places, and 100,000 sites are expected to be made operational by 2025.
On e-governance, we are pushing for the consolidation of the E-Government and E-Governance bills that were filed before the two Houses of Congress. These measures will be crucial in transforming governance to one that is digital, anti-red tape, and efficient.
ADVERTISEMENT
The DICT’s efforts also gave way for the initiation of the eGov Super App, which aims to become the single application that any Filipino citizen would ever need to avail of virtually all local and national government services.
We were also able to pilot launch the Integrated Local Government System (iLGU) in partnership with the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) to implement an end-to-end business registration with LGUs for business permits, clearances, real property tax, business tax, civil registry, and other permits. This will remove long lines in the city and municipal halls and streamline citizens’ transactions with LGUs. Currently, there are around 906 LGUs that will implement the Integrated Business Permit and Licensing System or iBPLS.
Meanwhile, the Philippines is consolidating its global leadership in IT-enabled services through the provision of analytical and AI skills development, a competitive enabling environment, cost efficiencies and the close cultural proximity to an international audience thereby ensuring that investors can profitably serve international and fast-growing regional markets.
The Philippines is a top-tier destination for IT-BPM services such as contact center and business process, global shared services, IT and software, healthcare, animation and game development.
To further support the growth of this industry and nurture investments in the ICT sector, aside from our efforts to provide robust and strong digital infrastructure, the Philippine Government is creating a favorable regulatory environment, including through the enactment of laws such as the Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act; the Amended Public Service Act (PSA), which allows full foreign ownership in key sectors, such as telecommunications, data center operations and logistics that will support IT- BPM activities; the Amended Foreign Investments Act (FIA), which allows investments from foreign startup firms involved in advanced technology; and the Ease of Doing Business (EODB) Act, which led to a series of improvements in the delivery of government services that catapulted the country’s competitiveness ranking from 124th to 95th in 2020, making it to the top 100 economies cited by the World Bank in 2019.
The DICT has also laid out programs to help cities and municipalities in the countryside become better suited to host IT-BPM companies, side by side with programs that will help promote digital inclusion and narrow the digital skills gap in the country.
The Digital Cities 2025 program highlights the value of countryside development and the capability of key locations outside Metro Manila to become thriving business districts and viable investment hubs for IT-BPM services; while the Digital Startup Development and Acceleration Program (DSDAP) aims to raise awareness and offer programs that will guide start-ups to improve their respective communities.
The DICT is also implementing learning and capacity-building programs that will help our people adapt to new modes of learning and working, such as the Tech4Ed Program, a national digital inclusion initiative that establishes physical centers or hubs that provide critical e-government and ICT-enabled services in communities with minimal to no access to information and government services. At present, we have more than 1,000 centers nationwide.
In addition, the DigitalJobsPH Program is creating meaningful ICT- enabled jobs in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in the country, while providing technical training to develop the digital skills of Filipinos, especially those living in the countryside.
Finally, on cybersecurity, we hope to strengthen cybercrime education by promoting cyber hygiene education especially in the primary level, and prevent cybercrime by putting in more resources in cyber investigation and computer forensics. The SIM Registration Law is seen to help deter cybercrime in the form of scams, harassment, libel, and smishing, among others.
As the primary agency tasked to develop and promote the use of ICT in the country, the DICT is fully committed to do it
