The centurion’s faith

By Fr. Roy Cimagala *

THAT gospel episode about a centurion who asked some people to approach Christ for him, and to beg on his behalf for the cure of his sick slave (cfr. Lk 7,1-10) teaches us the lesson that we should have a strong faith if we want to ask some special favor from God.

As the story goes, Christ responded immediately to the request, but when he was near the centurion’s house, the centurion told him not to bother to enter his house, saying that he was not worthy to have Christ enter his house. 

He told Christ that like him, the centurion had certain authority and would just give orders to his subordinates who would carry them out. He wanted the cure of his slave to take place that way—“just say the word and my servant will be healed,” he said.

Christ was so impressed by this show of the centurion’s faith that his servant was immediately healed at that hour even if Christ did not have a face-to-face encounter with the servant.

We should try our best to develop the faith as that of the centurion. The problem we have is that we lack faith. It is this deficiency that disables us to see a deeper and richer reality that is beyond what we simply see, touch and understand. It is this deficiency that prevents us from asking for some miracles in some difficult situations we can find ourselves in, and from experiencing them.

Remember that time when Christ was pursued by two blind men (cfr Mt 9,27-31). They shouted, “Lord, have pity on us.” But Christ asked them if they have faith. “Do you believe that I can do this?” “Yes, Lord,” they immediately replied. Then Christ told them, “Let it be done to you according to your faith.” And they were cured.

In all the other miraculous cures narrated in the gospel, faith plays a very crucial role. The woman who was cured of her hemorrhage was also commended by Christ because of her faith, though it was a faith that was not openly expressed. “Be of good heart, daughter, your faith has made you whole…” (Mt 9,22)

The same with the blind man, Bartimaeus, the father of the possessed boy who in his great distress told our Lord earnestly, “I believe, but help my unbelief.”

Besides the lack of faith, many of us have come to associate miracles with big, extraordinary things. Unless a blind man sees again, or a lame starts to walk, or a dead person rises to life again, people nowadays say there can be no miracles taking place.

It’s a question of faith.  When one has faith, even if it is just little, we can see the marvels of God taking place all around everyday. That one perseveres in prayer, or decides to confess his sins after a long period of sinfulness, or a husband being faithful to his wife in spite of the strong temptations, etc., these are miracles too.

They are miracles because these situations often defy human logic and worldly wisdom. But then again, they can only be acknowledged if one has faith. Faith enables us to see beyond appearances and the reality painted only by human and worldly values.

Let us hope that we can be like the centurion, often repeating more or less the same words that now are part of the liturgy of the Mass: “Lord, I am not worthy that you should enter under my roof. But only say the word, and my soul shall be healed.”

* Chaplain Center for Industrial Technology and Enterprise (CITE), Talamban, Cebu City

Email: roycimagala@gmail.com

Alex Eala makes history, captures US Open Girls title

by Kristel Satumbaga-Villar, Manila Bulletin

Alex Eala delivered a performance of a lifetime after routing Czech Republic’s Lucie Havlickova, 6-2, 6-4, to clinch her first US Open Girls Singles title in Flushing Meadows Saturday, Sept. 10 (early Sunday in Manila).

Alexandra Eala of Philippines celebrates after defeating Lucie Havlickova of Czech Republic during their Junior Girl’s Singles Final match on Day Thirteen of the 2022 US Open at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center on September 10, 2022 in the Flushing neighborhood of the Queens borough of New York City. (AFP)

It was a historic victory for the 17-year-old junior tennis sensation, as she became the first Filipino to ever win a Grand Slam crown.

She only made it as far as the semifinals in the 2020 French Open, and previously claimed titles in the Girls Doubles – at the 2020 Australian Open with Indonesian Priska Nugroho and the 2021 French Open with Russian Oksana Selekhmeteva.

It was her time to shine this time.

So impressive was her journey to the top where she did not drop a set throughout the tournament with only Australia’s Taylah Preston and Canada’s Victoria Mboko forcing her to a tiebreaker.

“Buong puso ko po itong pinaglaban hindi lang para sa sarili ko kundi para makatulong din ako sa kinabukasan ng Philippine tennis,” Eala said during the on-court interview.

Seeded 10th in the tournament, Eala dictated the pace in the opening set by breaking her second-seeded opponent’s serve twice.

The Filipina ace encountered stiff competition in the second frame where she trailed 3-2 and 4-3, but was able to hold serve in the eighth game to tie it at 4-4.

A huge service break for Eala gave her the crucial 5-4 lead before closing the match with crisp serves and huge shots.

“It was overwhelming for me right now, but it’s a huge step for me personally. I’m just happy to be able to contribute and inspire the young generation,” said Eala during the post-match interview.

En route to the final, Eala crushed Canadian Annabelle Xu in the first round, 6-3, 6-0; Slovakian Nina Vargova in the second round, 6-2, 6-3; eighth-seeded Preston in the third, 6-2, 7-6 (1); Russian 14th seed Mirra Andreeva in the quarters, 6-4, 6-0; and ninth-seeded Canadian Mboko in the semis, 6-1, 7-6 (5).

She also competed in the Girls Doubles with Andreeva where they were seeded fourth but managed only in the second round after they handed a walkover to Germans Carolina Kuhl and Ella Seidel.

Facebook no longer attractive among teens

A 2022 study by Pew Research Center uncovers that nearly all US teens right now use YouTube, whereas only 32 percent say they use Facebook. STOCK PHOTO

INTERNET use has increased massively in the past two decades and today, there are more active users than ever. Social media websites, in particular, have become extremely popular, with Facebook being the third most visited site in 2021.

Despite the recent rise of Instagram businesses and influencers, Facebook remains the most popular marketing platform — in 2021, 78 percent of its users said they have found new products and services on the platform according to data published by BroadbandSearch.

TikTok, on the other hand, was the most downloaded app last year after launching internationally back in 2017.

Social media is a big part of teenagers' lives — new generations are now being born in a digital world where texting and sharing videos have largely replaced real-life (or irl, as Gen Zs would say) communication. Tracking what interests young people and, particularly teenagers, when accessing the internet is a fascinating, useful tool for spotting larger trends and even peeking into the future.

Striving for answers, the team at TradingPedia examines a new report called "Teens, Social Media and Technology" by the Pew Research Center. It uncovers some interesting tendencies in young people's preferences such as the fact that nearly all teens right now use YouTube whereas only 32 percent say they use Facebook.

While Facebook remains the top platform of choice among all age groups in the US and worldwide, American teens prefer to spend their time mostly on YouTube. The website which launched in 2005 as a video streaming platform is now the most popular social media site among teenagers in the US, with 95 percent saying they have ever used it and 19 percent admitting they visit it almost constantly.

Next in popularity is TikTok (and its original Chinese version Douyin) which was released in 2016 but did not become globally available until 2018 when it merged with the Chinese social media platform Musical.ly. Of those surveyed by Pew Research Center, 67 percent say they have used the app and 16 percent say they use it almost constantly.

The third most popular social media platform among US teens is the video-sharing service Instagram, owned by Meta Platforms (known until recently as Facebook Inc.). Sixty-two percent of respondents are Instagram users, while 10 percent open or use it almost constantly.

Photo sharing app Snapchat is following closely, with 59 percent of teens using it. Fifteen percent say they are constantly on it.

Meanwhile, less than a third (32 percent) of all teens in the survey visit Facebook, and only 2 percent are almost constantly on it. Note that researchers did not include Facebook's Messenger as a separate platform in the survey, so it is likely that these percentages reflect the use of both Facebook and Messenger.

Teens were also asked about several other social media platforms and the results show that 23 percent used Twitter, 20 percent used Twitch, 17 percent were on WhatsApp, 14 percent used Reddit and a mere 5 percent say they ever used Tumblr.

Things change quickly in the world of social media, even more so when it comes to young people and their preferences. Facebook was once the most used social media website among teenagers in the US with 71 percent of them being on it in 2014.

Data from a similar survey by Pew Research Center shows that from 2014 to 2015, Instagram was the second most popular after Facebook with 52 percent using it, while Snapchat was used by 41 percent of respondents.

By 2018, when researchers conducted yet another survey, there was a significant shift in the social media landscape. Facebook's popularity dropped, and it had become the fourth most used platform with only 51 percent of teens using it. YouTube had replaced it — 85 percent of teenagers in the US said they used the website. Another interesting fact is that two platforms from the 2014 to 2015 survey were not present in the 2018 statistics — Vine and Google+, which were discontinued.

Teens on social media

Since TikTok exploded in popularity in 2018 and 2019, there have been concerns that the app and the short video form of the content, may affect users' attention spans and cause addiction.

However, findings from the Pew Research Center report show that YouTube is used more frequently than TikTok, at least at first glance. Nearly three-quarters or 77 percent of teens visit YouTube at least once a day compared to 57 percent who say they are daily TikTok users. Daily (or more frequent) use of platforms drops to 51 percent for Snapchat, 49 percent for Instagram, and 18 percent for Facebook.

But when we look at how many use TikTok and Snapchat at all, we could see that a larger share of users log in daily or more frequently. Around 86 percent of those who use the two platforms open them every day. And a quarter of users are on the apps almost constantly.

This brings us to the next question — is it hard for teens to stop using social media? Unsurprisingly, the short answer is "Yes," at least for half of the youngsters that took part in the survey.

More than a third of teens or 36 percent say they spend too much time on social media, while 55 percent think they spend just the right time on these platforms. Another 8 percent believe their time on social media is "too little."

Researchers also asked them how hard it would be for them to quit social media and 54 percent of respondents said it would be hard — that would be "very hard" for 18 percent of teens and "somewhat hard" for 35 percent. For 20 percent of teens, this task would be "very easy," while 26 percent found it "somewhat easy."

Moreover, 78 percent of teens who say they spend too much time on social media admit it would be hard for them to quit it, with 29 percent describing it as "very hard."

Mariel Rodriguez Padilla joins AMBS AllTV

 

Mariel Rodriguez Padilla joins AMBS AllTV

Published September 9, 2022, 7:42 AM

by Robert Requintina, Manila Bulletin

Mariel Rodriguez Padilla (Facebook)

Actress-television host Mariel Rodriguez Padilla, wife of Sen. Robin Padilla, joined the Villar Group’s Advanced Media Broadcasting System Channel 2 (AMBS) on Sept. 8.

“The easiest decision I have ever made. I knew right away I wanted to be part of AllTV. Extremely grateful!!!! Thank you soo much AMBS for the trust. @camillevillarofficial @mannyvillar THANK YOU!!! To my manager of almost 20 years Tito Boy maraming naraming salamat!!! To my husband, children and my whole family who have given me their blessings… thank you! So excited about the infinite possibilities we can do together!!!!” wrote Mariel on Instagram.

On Sept. 1, Toni Gonzaga, one of Mariel’s close friends, also signed with the same broadcast network. Other celebrities who joined the network were Ciara Sotto, Anthony Taberna, Paul Soriano, and Willie Revillame.

The King of Talk, Boy Abunda, who manages Mariel’s career, accompanied her during the contract signing. Mariel was welcomed by former Sen. Manny Villar, Rep. Camille Villar, Maryknoll Zamora, AMBS Chief Finance Officer; Maribeth Tolentino, AMBS President; and Atty. TJ Mendoza, AMBS General Counsel.

Intramuros named Asia's best tourist draw

(UPDATE) INTRAMUROS, the Spanish-era walled city in Manila, regained its title as Asia's Leading Tourist Attraction at the 29th World Travel Awards (WTA) 2022 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, on Wednesday.

The Philippines was also named Asia's Leading Dive Destination and Asia's Leading Beach Destination at the same event.

"The Philippines is a beautiful country and you [WTA] having given these awards is such an affirmation to all of our tourism stakeholders and workers who have greatly sacrificed throughout the pandemic," Tourism Secretary Christina Garcia Frasco said.

"We look to the future with hope that through our combined efforts under the Marcos Administration that has identified tourism to become a major pillar for economic recovery, not only will we survive the pandemic but we will thrive, we will endure and we will get back stronger than ever," Frasco said.

The Philippines has won the WTA title of Asia's Leading Beach Destination for the sixth time, defeating India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam.

The country has also been named Asia's Leading Dive Destination for four years in a row, beating Malaysia and Thailand.

In winning the best tourist attraction award, Intramuros outshone other destinations like the Angkor Temples in Cambodia, Borobudur Temple Compound in Indonesia, Ha Long Bay in Vietnam, Sengan-en and Shoko Shuseikan Museum in Kagoshima, Japan, the Taj Mahal in India, teamLab SuperNature in Macau, The Great Wall, The Forbidden City, and Terracotta Warriors in China, Tokyo Imperial Palace in Japan and Victoria Peak in Hong Kong.

"We are ready to receive you in the Philippines. We look forward to your visit, and I invite each and every one of you to visit our beaches, our dive sites and our tourist destinations," Frasco said in a pitch to tourists.

"May this recognition remind us that all of us have a shared responsibility towards the success of the tourism industry, not only in our country but in Asia and the world. We remain committed to purveying the Filipino brand of hospitality and to heralding the Filipino brand to the world," she added.

Tourism stakeholders urged to innovate

The London-based World Travel Awards, known as the "Oscars" of the travel industry, was founded in 1993 to recognize achievements in the travel and tourism sector at national, regional, and global levels.

The truth amid our unavoidable biases

 

By Fr. Roy Cimagala *

HOW can we see the truth amid our unavoidable biases and other conditionings that affect how we see, judge and react to things? The simple answer is to be like Christ who himself said that he is “the way, the truth and the life.”

Thus, in the gospel (cfr. Lk 6,39-42) Christ said: “Can a blind person guide a blind person? Won't both fall into a pit?” And then he gives a clue on how to resolve that predicament by saying, “No disciple is superior to the teacher,” somehow pointing to the fact that for one to know the truth, he has to follow the teacher who is Christ himself.

That we have unavoidable biases and other conditionings that affect how we see, judge and react to things is somehow alluded to when Christ said, “Why do you notice the splinter in your brother’s eye, but do not perceive the wooden beam in your own?” 

We have to be constantly aware of this constant predicament of ours and try our best to deal with it properly by trying to be like Christ, that is, to see, judge and react to things the way Christ sees, judges and reacts to them.

In this raging controversy about alleged historical revisionism now still ongoing in our political scene, we should remember that the truth about the issues involved does not depend solely on facts that supposedly the parties involved can cite. Facts and data can be cold, that is, they can only be external appearances of things without the proper spirit of truth and charity that should animate them.

Truth is not simply about facts and data. It has to have the proper spirit. It cannot simply be historical, since many things considered as historical are only facts and data that can be understood, interpreted and used by people according to the spirit that motivates them.

The Bible itself is not all historical. It is not simply a litany of facts. It has historical facts, of course, but it also uses all kinds of literary devices to proclaim the truths of our faith. Christ, for example, used parables, similes, metaphors and hyperboles to convey precious lessons which are truths.

Thus, unless we see things through Christ who said that he is the light of the world (cfr Jn 9), we actually cannot see things as they ought to be seen. If we simply rely on our senses and even on our intelligence, but without Christ through the exercise of our faith, we actually are blind. This we have to acknowledge.

We need to be more aware of this predicament of ours and start to develop and use the appropriate means to correct, if not avoid, that delicate situation. We need to be humble and to always feel the need to be with God even in our most intimate thoughts, let alone, our words, deeds and public interventions.

There is actually no other way to correctly and properly understand and react to things and events in our life. We have to be wary of our tendency to rely solely on our human estimations of things, quite independent, if not contrary to the way God understands them.

In fact, not only should we be guarded against this tendency. Rather, we should also actively fight it, converting it into what is our proper way of thinking, judging and reasoning. And that is to do all these spiritual operations with God as the main guide and inspiration.

That way, we can see the truth always in charity, which is how truth should be!

* Chaplain Center for Industrial Technology and Enterprises (CITE), Talamban, Cebu City

Email: roycimagala@gmail.com

The Nativity of Our Lady

By Fr. Roy Cimagala *

THE Feast of the Nativity of Our Lady on September 8 is a great cause for joy and thanksgiving in the Catholic Church, for it celebrates the birth of the one who is the prototype of a human person in her original and ultimate status as a child of God, a perfect image and likeness of God, as God wants us to be.

The feast reminds us that man indeed is meant to be like God, a tremendous and incredible truth of our faith to which we should try our best to conform ourselves with our relentless efforts and God’s grace. We should just learn to overcome whatever disbelief and awkwardness we may have to accept this truth of our faith.

Let’s try to analyze and understand this truth of our faith.

Mary, as the mother of Christ, can be considered also as the mother of God (Mater Dei), since she is not only the mother of Christ as man, but also and first of all as a divine person.

And since God is a triune God, Mary can be considered as the perfect daughter of God the Father, the perfect mother of God the Son, and the perfect spouse of the God the Holy Spirit. That’s how she is related to God. Her relation with God cannot be any better. She has attained the fullness of dignity as an image and likeness of God.

And when Christ gave his own mother to us through St. John while Christ was still hanging on the cross just before his death—remember Christ’s words, “Woman, behold your son…behold your mother” (Jn 19,26-27)—it’s clear that Mary too is now also our mother. (Mater Dei, mater nostra).

The figure of Mary should reinforce our belief that we indeed are children of God, made in his image and likeness, meant to share his life and his very own nature. Yes, while every creature has a certain degree of connaturality with God who, as creator of all things, shares something with his creatures, we, of all the creatures and together with the angels, share the highest degree of connaturality with God.

This truth of our faith should impel us to develop a deep and working sense of divine filiation, of being children of God, so we would really know who we are and, thus, also know our true dignity and the great responsibility we have to be worthy of that dignity and to live it out.

We should try our best in every moment, and in all our thoughts, words and deeds, in all our understanding and reactions to things and the different situations of our life, we should always remember that we are children of God and try our best to truly be like God.

This, of course, is a tremendous if not an impossible challenge, but at least we can always try to be so. We know that we, with our own efforts alone, cannot attain the fullness of our dignity as children of God. Only God, with his grace, can do that. But we should always do our part.

The fact is that many of us do not realize this basic truth about ourselves. And so we easily fall into all kinds of disorders that actually are unnecessary and are avoidable if we simply would be more conscious of who we are!

* Chaplain Center for Industrial Technology and Enterprise (CITE), Talamban, Cebu City

Email: roycimagala@gmail.com

THOSE WERE THE DAYS...

"Those Were the Days" is a song credited to Gene Raskin, who put a new English lyric to the Russian romance song "Дорогой длинною" (literally "By the long road"), composed by Boris Fomin (1900–1948) with words by the poet Konstantin Podrevsky. It deals with reminiscence upon youth and romantic idealism. It also deals with tavern activities, which include drinking, singing and dancing.

Mary Hopkin's 1968 debut single of "Those Were the Days", which was produced by Paul McCartney of the Beatles, and arranged by Richard Hewson, became a number one hit on the UK Singles Chart and on the Canadian RPM Magazine charts. The song also reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100, behind "Hey Jude" by the Beatles.

McCartney also recorded Hopkin singing "Those Were The Days" in other languages for release in their respective countries:

In Spain, Qué tiempo tan feliz;in West Germany, An jenem Tag; in Italy, Quelli erano giorni; in France, Le temps des fleurs.

Yes, time flew by. I think about sitting in a jet plane.September again. Wow!

Do you always count the days up to the next legal holidays without being on duty? Or do you start as early as September longing for Christmas? And do you wish the weeks or months hopefully pass by like an assault up to the next possible salary increase?

Many times, we are really in too much of a hurry while feeling uncomfortable if we notice how time flies. We have no time for someone or something or even for ourselves.

When I was still a teenager, I was longing to be an adult already. Later, I enjoyed listening to my grandmother's stories such as "Once upon a time" or "When I was young" from her "yesterday's life"... .

After a couple of years, especially while observing that time really flies like a racket to the moon, I also got the same question in mind: Are the present hours and days less valuable?

Of course, each day has its own set of happiness and trials. But it also holds very high possibilities of us taking the initiative to do or to move something, if... !

Many of us retreat into the past and forget their present existence. A possible topsy-turvy world of a golden youth tries to let us forget that also the past has had its share of disappointments, pains, tears, darkness, tricky as well as desperate days... yes, lost days, irretrievable time... .

Without having achieved anything, we dream our impossible dreams from last to future and vice versa. We forget that between yesterday and tomorrow is our valuable present. Well, now well then - if we know just how to fulfill this period.

Diplomatic balancing

by Former Senate President Manny Villar

OF TREES AND FOREST

Last Sunday, Sept. 4, President Ferdinand Marcos, Jr. left the country to embark on his first ever state visit as the Philippines’ chief diplomat. Or, as he mentioned in his departure speech “mangangapitbahay muna para sa ating bansa at para sa ating ekonomiya.” His first overseas trip will bring him to Indonesia and then to Singapore. And then, as I understand it from the announcement of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), PBBM will also fly to New York to speak before the United Nations General Assembly.

These are very important foreign trips for the President and for the country not just because these will set the tone of the foreign policy directions of this administration but also because it will allow the country to strengthen ties in the region as we collectively face the challenges facing the world.

Just like his predecessor, former President Rodrigo Duterte, President Bongbong has chosen to visit our allies in the Southeast Asian region. As the DFA pointed out, this is important because as “close neighbors and founding members of ASEAN, the Philippines enjoys active engagement with both Indonesia and Singapore in terms of myriad areas including security and defense, trade and investment, people-to-people exchanges and more.”

The President is expected to meet Indonesian President Joko Widodo as well as Singaporean President Halimah Yacob and Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong. I am sure that while many geopolitical issues will be discussed, President Bongbong will emphasize the need to protect the welfare of Filipinos working in these two countries. These foreign trips are good opportunities to strengthen bilateral efforts to protect our OFWs worldwide.

In fact, based on statements made by the DFA, Presidents Marcos, Jr., and Widodo are scheduled to discuss the case of long-detained overseas Filipino worker Mary Jane Veloso who has been on death row for over 12 years in Indonesia.

These state visits will also provide an opportunity for the President and his economic team to strengthen economic cooperation and promote the country as an investment destination. I am certain that the business delegation will meet with various business groups in Indonesia and Singapore in order to entice them to do business in the country.

Geopolitical issues will, of course, be the centerpiece of the visit. There are two items in the agenda that I think are very crucial: the West Philippine Sea conflict and counterterrorism. According to the foreign affairs department, there will clearly be discussions on key regional issues of mutual interest, including the West Philippine Sea or South China Sea issue, cognizant that all three countries actually have the common goal to maintain peace and stability and prevent incidents in this particular part of the world.

This visit will give us the first clear indication of how President Marcos, Jr. intends the handle this geopolitical landmine that has been hanging like Damocles’ sword in the region. I find it interesting that PBBM seems to be cautiously balancing the benefits of strong relations not just with China but also the United States. In early July, China’s top diplomat, Wang Yi, became the first foreign envoy to visit to the Philippines under the new Marcos presidency. And now, in late September. PBBM will visit the US first via his trip to the UNGA.

The President has emphasized the need to strengthen bilateral relations with Beijing but he also insisted on avoiding a myopic view of this relations: “One of the ways I’ve consistently suggested is that we have our relationship not only on one dimension, not just all about the West Philippine Sea. Let’s add to that – cultural exchanges, educational exchanges, even military if that will be useful.” In other words, the Manila-Beijing historic ties go beyond the conflict. The imperative of course is how to work around this controversy so both countries work on economic and cultural ties.

This is going to be a diplomatic balancing act for President Marcos, Jr. that will test his diplomatic and political skills. I have no doubt that the President will pass this test with flying colors. He has demonstrated his deep understanding of foreign policy issues but more importantly, he has proven that the overriding factor shaping his foreign policy is the national interest.

Davao med students infected with Covid

By Ruth Palo, Manila Bulletin

DAVAO CITY: Fifteen students from various medical schools here have been infected with Covid-19, two weeks after the resumption of face-to-face (F2F) classes on all academic levels, City Health Office (CHO) head Dr. Ashley Lopez said.

According to the CHO, most of the infected are fourth-year students, who are required to take RT-PCR tests before being allowed to attend F2F classes.

The number of cases makes up less than 10 percent of the entire student population of Davao City. These students either have shown no symptoms or manifested very mild ones.

"These are seemingly asymptomatic to mild cases so they do not require hospitalization. And most of them will only need to undergo seven days of isolation in their homes or quarantining, then after that, they can go back to class," Lopez said.

Lopez, however, said the cases detected since the reopening of F2F classes on August 22 are no cause for alarm, adding there is no need to suspend the F2F modality of classes.

The CHO renewed its call to Davaoeños, especially students, to get vaccinated, although she said vaccination remains voluntary.

The city vows to continue to mobilize its vaccination campaign in all public and private schools.

Lopez admits that vaccination is not mandatory, which is why she said they cannot impose this as a requirement in schools.

The city's vaccination hubs will be operational daily even on Sundays for September.

Manila prepared to curb Covid spread

At least 600 free tests per day are done by the CHO as part of the city's Covid surveillance measures.

The city is also monitoring infection cases following the successful staging of the Kadayawan Festival last month.