What should I know before learning the German language?

 

Sandeep Kho

Before learning German (Deutsch) language, you should know that

• After English, Spanish and French, German ranked 4th most commonly taught language worldwide.
• German is spoken by almost 95 millions native speakers (ranked 11th worldwide). That makes it, German as the most widely spoken native language in European Union.
• It is official language in Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland (1 of 4) and Luxembourg (1 of 3)
• German is a Germanic language - branch of the Indo-European language family - including English, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, Icelandic, Norwegian,..etc.
• German and English have 60% common words like Kindergarten, Angst, Poltergeist etc. But be careful some may look English and have totally different meaning, e.g. Gift means poison! Some German words have no English equivalents like Schadenfreude.
• Even though it is closely related to English, German is considered to be difficult to learn (especially for English speakers) - mainly due to German grammar like genders, Adjective endings (decline Adjectives) according to different cases, tenses, long words, difficult pronunciations, etc.

• The language is full of exceptions. To learn effectively, for every grammatical rule, you should first learn the exceptions. Like gender for a girl is neutral (das Mädchen), the names/make of car are Masculine like der Audi, der VW, der Porsche ; but a car is neutral - das Auto. Most nouns ending in -e are feminine, but der Name, das Ende,..
• German has many long compound words like Donau­dampfschiffahrts­elektrizitäten­hauptbetriebswerk­bauunterbeamten­gesellschaft (79 letters), Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz (63 letters, now dropped)
• The standard German is called Hochdeutsch.
• According to regions, there are different dialects and accents like Bavarian, Swiss, Austrian, etc.

• Time is counted with respect to next hour like 1:30 is half two hours in German (halb Zwei)
• The first printed book Gutenberg Bible was in Germany (1455) and the first printed book in German language was Der Ackermann aus Böhmen (1461).
• Until Second World War, German was written (Calligraphy) in Fraktur Script.

• They say “German is the language of Machines” - thanks to robust DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) standards, being manufacturing and automobile hub and exporter, n number of technical books written since centuries etc.
• Sometimes “thank you” (German Danke) means “No”
• please (German bitte) is universal word for please, you are welcome, go ahead, pardon? One more universal word I know is “tja”

All the best! (Alles Gute!)